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Health insurers are exposed to a variety of risks that may affect their financial performance or reputation. These risks include fraud risk, underpayment risk, legal liabilities, and reputational risk. * Fraud risk refers to ...

Sir Ronald Ross  Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1908 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1902 was awarded to Sir Ronald Ross for his work on the transmission of malaria. The ...

For professional cyclists, body weight, height, and aerodynamics are the main drivers of performance. A lower body weight  helps cyclist climb hills more easily and accelerate faster, while a taller height provides a ...

The most common pathologies in cardiology are coronary artery disease, hypertension, and heart failure. These conditions are caused by a variety of factors, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, and diabetes. ...

Incidence rate and prevalence are two measures that describe the occurrence of a disease or condition in a population. The incidence rate refers to the number of new cases of a disease that ...

To estimate the number of patients needed for a clinical study, three factors are taken into account: the expected effect size of the intervention, the desired level of statistical significance, and the anticipated ...

We typically categorise clinical studies depending on their purpose and design. The principal study designs are observational studies, randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, case control studies, cross sectional studies, systematic reviews and meta ...